The two-week period leading up to the Holy Triduum is called “Passiontide” and has traditionally inspired the faithful to devote their attention to the suffering of Christ. This week of renewed prayer leads us directly into Holy Week, with the arrival of Palm Sunday of the Lord’s Passion. Lenten memorials are reduced to special prayers for saints on their feast day, and at Mass they are remembered in the collect at the beginning of Mass. This week, we remember St. John Baptist de la Salle, a great educator and patron of teachers, and St. Stanislaus, a patron of Poland.
Station IV
The designation “Laetare Sunday” derives from the beginning of this Sunday’s Introit antiphon: “Laetare Jerusalem” (Rejoice, Jerusalem!). which derives from Isaiah 66:10. We take on the color rose, adding light to our seasonal violet of this pentential season. It is a hopeful day, on which we call to mind what St. Benedict referred as “the joy of hopeful anticipation,” the “spiritual desire, looking forward to holy Easter.” The day means that we are 21 days from Easter. The Catholic Encyclopedia notes that technically the Thursday before Laetare Sunday is the middle day of Lent, and historically has been recognized as such. With the following, Fifth Sunday of Lent, we will be starting Passiontide with its more intense focus on the suffering of Our Lord. This Sunday, we are encouraged to remember our hope, and anticipate the fruit of our pentiential labors, and the grace of the Risen Lord.
Saint Maria Faustina Kowalska
In the 1930s, a Polish nun, Maria Faustina Kowalska, received private revelations from our Lord having to do with Divine Mercy. She began to record the visions in her diary, which eventually record 14 occasions when Jesus requests the observation of a Feast of Divine Mercy. Pope Saint John Paul II wrote: “This was precisely the time when those ideologies of evil, nazism and communism, were taking shape. Sister Faustina became the herald of the one message capable of off-setting the evil of those ideologies, that fact that God is mercy – the truth of the merciful Christ. And for this reason, when I was called to the See of Peter, I felt impelled to pass on those experiences of a fellow Pole that deserve a place in the treasury of the universal Church” (Pope Saint John Paul II, Memory and Identity, 2005). In one vision, Jesus appears with his right hand raised in a blessing, his left touching his garment above his heart, from which red and white rays emanate. This is said to symbolize the blood and water that was poured out for our salvation and our sanctification. Saint Faustina conveyed the promises: “I promise that the soul that will venerate this image will not perish” (Diary, no. 48) and “By means of this image I will grant many graces to souls” (Diary, no. 742). The Holy See declared the Sunday after East “Divine Mercy Sunday” on May 5, 2000. Further links: How to pray the Chaplet of Divine Mercy; Divine Mercy Novena; Divine Mercy Novena in Time of Pandemic (pdf).
April 13
This 7th-century pope became involved in the monothelite controversy, and ended up paying the price with his life. Exiled from Rome to Constantinople by Emperor Constans II, he saw in his lifetime his replacement by another pope, Eugene I. Exiled from Rome, stripped of his authority, tortured, and imprisoned, he ultimately succumbed to death and is considered a martyr. Martin defended the teaching that Christ possessed a human will and a divine will, distinct yet unified in their object, rather than one divine will . If the latter were the case, his human will could only inevitably become subsumed in the divine, rendering him no longer "fully human."
April 21
Associated with the English Canterbury, city of his see, and the French Bec, town of his monastery, Anselm was actually an Italian, born in Aosta in the Italian alps, in 1033/34. He took his monastic vows in 1060/61, drawn to the monastery of Bec in part because of its prior Lanfranc. Anselm would later succeed Lanfranc, in 1093, as Archbishop of Canterbury. While Anselm has gained renown as a philosopher and independent thinker, he was also said to have possessed great virtue: patience, gentleness, and skill in teaching, shaping the Abbey of Bec into an influential monastic school. His best-known work is Cur Deus Homo (“Why God Became Man”).
April 25
Venice in Italy and Alexandria in Egypt have made some of the most substantial claims concerning Mark. The former is said to hold his remains in its ancient Basilica. The latter claims him as their first Bishop. We do not know with certainty which New Testament Mark, if any, is in fact the writer of this gospel. We do know that his gospel, the shortest of the four, turns directly and immediately to the principal message of the gospel, presenting Christ as the eruption of God’s kingdom into our lives. “In this almost breathless narrative, Mark stresses Jesus’ message about the kingdom of God now breaking into human life as good news (Mk 1:14–15) and Jesus himself as the gospel of God (Mk 1:1; 8:35; 10:29). Jesus is the Son whom God has sent to rescue humanity by serving and by sacrificing his life (Mk 10:45)” (USCCB introduction)
April 29
Catherine was from an extremely large number of children – she was the 23rd child of Jacopo and Lapa Benincas. Born in 1347, she lived during very difficult times in the history of Europe and the Church. She entered the Dominican Third Order at the age of eighteen, devoted prayer and extreme asceticism. Her holiness came to be recognized, and she assumed more of a leadership role amongst a growing number of followers, rooted in her contemplative life. In 1378, the Great Schism began, dividing the papacy and allegiances in Christendom. Catherine spent her last years in Rome, pleading for the unity of the Church and offering herself for the Church in its agony.
Pope Saint John Paul II said the following of her: “...strengthened by her intimacy with Christ, the Saint of Siena was not afraid to point out frankly even to the Pope, whom she loved dearly as her 'sweet Christ on earth', that the will of God demanded that he should abandon the hesitation born of earthly prudence and worldly interests, and return from Avignon to Rome, to the Tomb of Peter... With similar energy Catherine then strove to overcome the divisions which arose in the papal election following the death of Gregory XI: in that situation too she once more appealed with passionate ardour to the uncompromising demands of ecclesial communion. That was the supreme ideal which inspired her whole life as she spent herself unstintingly for the sake of the Church.” (John Paul II, on declaring her one of three co-patronesses of Europe in 1999)